World Energy Prices
High-quality data on end-use energy prices
The IEA’s World Energy Prices database provides users with high-quality annual data on end-use prices for most countries in the world, based on official sources and calculated using transparent and documented methodologies. The database includes annual energy prices data for more than 100 countries, for gasoline, diesel, electricity and other products. It complements the IEA's historical quarterly data for Energy Prices and Taxes of OECD member countries.
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Transport fuel prices
In 2018, the global average price of gasoline was 0.97 US dollar per litre (USD/l), a 14% increase compared to the previous year.
Prices varied greatly across countries: from 0.33 USD/l in Algeria to over five times that amount in Norway (1.91 USD/l). Both of these countries are crude oil exporters, and the price difference between them is mainly determined by national policy decisions. Government policy - in the form of taxes and/or subsidies – strongly influences how prices at the pump vary around the world. In general, European consumers pay the highest gasoline prices, generally reflecting high taxes on fuels. At the other end of the spectrum, the lowest prices are found among countries that subsidise liquid fuels.
Transport fuel price trends
In recent years, automotive diesel and gasoline prices have tracked movements in crude oil prices.
Global pump prices are, on average, significantly higher than the underlying crude spot prices as they also reflect transformation, transport and marketing costs, as well as taxes levied on fuel sales.
Crude oil Gasoline (world average) Automotive diesel (world average) 2005 0.343446541 0.92 1 2006 0.409685535 0.99 1.07 2007 0.455006289 0.98 1.04 2008 0.610660377 1.04 1.18 2009 0.388062893 0.87 0.94 2010 0.500081761 0.95 1.04 2011 0.69945283 1.08 1.15 2012 0.702358491 1.08 1.17 2013 0.683522013 1.05 1.14 2014 0.622257862 1.02 1.11 2015 0.329377358 0.84 0.92 2016 0.274943396 0.78 0.85 2017 0.340610063 0.84 0.92 2018 0.448207547 0.94 1.05
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Just as global prices for gasoline and automotive diesel track each other through time, within-country gasoline and automotive diesel prices in 2018 are strongly correlated. At a global level, the consumption-weighted price of gasoline is lower than that of automotive diesel despite being more expensive in most individual countries. This is because the global average price for gasoline is significantly influenced by prices in the United States.
For similar reasons, the higher consumption of gasoline in the United States pulls the world average price well below the median price, and vice versa for automotive diesel - in 2016, the United States consumed 35% of global gasoline, compared to 14% of automotive diesel.
Electricity prices
Residential electricity prices also vary significantly across countries. For example, households in Turkmenistan benefit from free electricity while consumers in several other countries face high utility bills
Comparing prices in US dollars do not consider differences in the cost of living across countries, making it hard to assess how expensive or affordable electricity is for consumers in each country). By converting the data using purchase power parity (PPP) adjusted exchange rates, electricity appears significantly more expensive in Morocco than Australia, for example, while the opposite is true when comparing prices using nominal exchange rates.
USD/MWh USD (PPP)/MWh Turkmenistan 0 0 Saudi Arabia 23.1 59.59 Russia 62.54 151.34 Mexico 63.76 133.08 India 75.2 276 China 78.26 149.01 Indonesia 78.92 252 Argentina 86.89 125.45 South Africa 101.36 222.43 Canada 108.98 112.99 Korea 109.11 142.46 Morocco 110.73 300.65 Turkey 112.87 299.73 USA 129 129 Singapore 160.02 260.38 France 187.31 214.25 Brazil 200.4 315.94 UK 205.73 231.17 Japan 226.55 248.02 Australia 237.08 214.17 Italy 263.24 335.39 Germany 343.59 404.15
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Electricity prices for residential use are generally higher and also vary more widely across countries than those for industry. Globally, the electricity price for industry falls between the median and 25th percentile, showing that countries where prices are relatively lower tend to have a relatively greater specialisation in industrial sectors.
Electricity prices for residential use have a wider spread and seem to follow a bimodal distribution across countries while the distribution of electricity prices for industry is approximately normal.
Industry Residential <30 1 2 30 to 60 8 3 60 to 90 12 13 90 to 120 22 13 120 to 150 13 6 150 to 180 9 8 180 to 210 2 13 210 to 240 1 3 240 to 270 0 3 270 to 300 0 1 300 to 330 0 2 330 to 360 0 1
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